Wooden deck covering on ships



G. KHR

WOODEN DECK COVERING ON SHIPS March 2, 1948.

Filed NOV. 29, 1945 Patented Mar. 2, 1948 l Gustaf Khr, Stockholm,Sweden Application November 29, 1943, Serial No. 512,227; In SwedenSeptember 29, 1943 4 Claims.

The present invention refers to a wooden deck .covering on ships whichconsists of comparativa ly long and narrow boards xed to transversallyextending beams supporting the deck covering.

yIn wooden deck coverings of this kind previously known the groovesbetween the individual boards are lled with libre material and someplastic material so as toV make the grooves elastic. In a wooden deckcovering according to the present invention most 'of the grooves lyingbetween the long and narrow boa-rds are filled with glue and thus rigidwhereas only a few of the grooves are lled with fibre material and thuselastic. These few elastic groovesV of the deck covering according tothe invention are sulcient for protectingthe deck covering from anydeformations which may occur during its use owing to bending actions inthe supporting beams. The adaptation of the deck covering to the supportis effected according to the invention my means of a special method ofproduction of the deck covering which method is described hereinafter.

According to this method of production, the deck covering is built upwith the individual boards in the very place where it is to be used, theboards. being exposed to lateral pressure when glued together and theaddition of each further board taking place in a new stage of theworking process. At iirst only two boards are fixed on the transversallyextending beams supporting the deck covering and are inserted betweentwo angle irons which are also xed tov said beams. Then, during thegluing together of the boards, a lateral pressure is exerted upon theseboards by means of the two angle irons and by a wedge inserted betweenone of the angle irons and. the board adjacent to this angle iron. Thesuccessive addition of further boards takes place in such a way that oneof the angle irons is displaced for each board to be added, bythebreadth of that board, whereupon the new board is glued to the lastboard in the same way as was the case with the first boards. Thus thewooden deck covering is adapted to the support, which would not bepossible if a ready-made deck covering having most of its groovesbetween the individual boards lled with glue and thus rigid was used.

Further details of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawingwhich shows two embodiments of the invention. Figure 1 is a crosssection of a deck covering according to one form of the invention.Figure 2, too, is a cross section of the same deck covering but also ofthe means used for its building up. Figure 3 shows schematically'another embodiment or the deck covering according-to the invention.

Each of the individual' boards is, asis shown in Figure 1, composed of!live layers. Theupper wearing layer Iv 'consists of a harder andgenerally more valuable kind of woodl than the core layer 2. Besidesthese two layers there is a comparatively thin lower covering: layers3'- lying under the core layer 2-. Between the upper'wear; ing layer I-and' the core layer 2l there is a veneer layer 4 and between the corelayerl 2 and the lower covering layer 3 there is a veneer layer 5; Theveneer layers 41 and 5-have1a trans'- versal run of grain. Theupperwearing layer I consists of lengths 8v and the core layer 2 oflengths I0. The lengths 3 of`r the layer I-I and the lengths IUI offthe. layer 2 are mutuallyA glued together. Similarly, the individuallayers' of the .boards are mutually glued' together. The grooves betweenthe individual boards' are numbered IVI and I3; The two grooves- I-I= onthe right and on the left of; Figure 1 areflledwith glue andV thusrigid; while the groove Ir3'l` inthe middler of Figure 1 is filled withfibre material and some plastic material and' thus elastic;

The grooves II; lled with glue have their upper parts, I 2"enlargedV andllediwith someplastic jointing material; the oblique wallsof `theseupper parts I2 being preferably ribbed. The grooves I3 which areenlarged; more gradually than the grooves, I I are also lled in theirupper parts with a plastic jointingmaterial protecting the .groovesfrominuence of moisture as is also the case with the, grooves II withrespect to the plastic jointing material in the. upper parts l2.

At the lower ends of the grooves Il and I-3 the adjoining parts. or" thelower covering* layers are rounded.l offv soY that thereis formed, a.pat.-

tern at the ceilings of theroomslyingunder the deck coveringl The deckcovering is xed to the transversally extending beams 20 supporting thedeck covering and generally consisting of iron by means of the bolts I4,the washers If5 and the nuts I 6. The xing points of the individualboards lie about in their midst in transversal direction. At the iixingpoints of the individual boards cylindrical incisions are made in thewearing layers which incisions are afterwards closed by the properlyshaped Stoppers 9. These Stoppers are of such depths that there remainempty spaces I'I admitting the washers I5 and the nuts I6. The bolts I4are so long that they penetrate through the lower covering layer 3, thecore layer `2, the

two veneer layers 4 and l5 and the lower part of the wearing layer I.

The method of production of the new deck covering on ships isillustrated in Figure 2. The boards which are to be mutually gluedtogether are inserted between the angle irons I8. The

' deck covering is built up in the very place where it is to be used insuch a way that first only two boards are inserted between the angleirons I8 which are fixed to the beams 20 by means of the screws I9. Bythe aid of the angle irons I8 andV a wedge 2| inserted between one ofthe angle irons I8 and the adjacent board a lateral pressure is thenexerted upon the two boards while they are glued together. Before theaddition of each new board one of the angle irons I8 is displaced foreach board to be added by the breadth of that board. Then the new boardis glued to the other boards under lateral pressure exerted by the angleirons I8 and the wedge 2I. The breadths of the angleirons i. e. thedistances between the screws I9 and the bending abutting side of thelangle irons are preferably equal .to half the breadths of the boards sothat the same holes in the beams 2] can be used for xing the boards andfor inserting the angle irons.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2 theindividual boards are of equal breadths. Figure 3 shows an embodiment ofthe invention with boards of unequal breadths. In the example shown theboards B are twice as broad as the boards A. The boards B lie eachadjacent to one of the grooves I3 which are filled with iibre materialand thus elastic. In order to obtaingregular patterns the -boards Bhaving the double breadths are provided with incisions C in the midst oftheir upper and lower sides.

The following dimensions of the single parts of the deck coveringaccording to the invention may serve as an example, but the invention isnot restricted to these dimensions:

The boards have a length of several meters preferably corresponding tothe length of the room lying under .the covering or the section of thedeck in question. The breadth of the boards in Figures 1 and 2 is 12 cm.The broader boards in Figure Shave a breadth of 24 cm. and the narrowerboards have a breadth of 12 cm. The depth of the upper Wearing layer is11/2 to 2 cm. The depth `of the core layer is 4 cin., the depth of thelower covering layer is 0.5 cm. and the depth of the two veneer layersis 0.1 to 0.2 cm,

In comparison with previously known deck coverings on ships the' deckcovering according to the invention excels in greater simplicity andgreater cheapness of its production.

I claim:

1. In a ship, a floor structure comprising a series of supporting beamsarranged transversally of the ship and a wooden deck covering cromposedof comparatively long and narrow boards with grooves between them andfixed to the upper surfaces of the beams, a lling of glue in themajority of the grooves between the long and narrow boards and a fillingof brous material having an elastic action in the remaining groovesbetween the boards, the number of which grooves is only a small fraction.of the grooves lled with glue.

2. Wooden deck covering on ships according to claim 1, the individualboards being composed of several layers, namely, an upper wearing layerconsisting of comparatively hard wood, a core layer, a lower coveringlayer and two veneer layers having a run of grain transversal to thelongitudinal extension of the boards and one of which lies between thewearing layer and the core layer, and the other of which lies betweenthe core layer and the lower covering layer.

3. Wooden deck covering on ships according to claim 1, the individualboards being composed of several layers, namely, an upper wearing layerconsisting of comparatively hard wood and composed of a plurality oflengths substantially parallel to one another, a core layer composed ofa plurality of lengths substantially parallel to one another, a lowercovering layer and two veneer` layers having the run of graintransversal to the longitudinal extension of the boards. and one ofwhich lies between the wearing layer and the core layer andthe other ofwhich lies between the core layer and the lower covering layer.

4. A wooden deck covering on ships in accordance with claim 1Y in whichsome of the boards are broader than the other boards and each of thebroader boards lying adjacent to one of the grooves filled with fibrousmaterial and thus elastic.

GUSTAF KHR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain Apr. 8, 1935

